مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال چهاردهم شماره 2 (خرداد و تیر 1390)

Unintended pregnancy leads to unpleasant physical and psychological outcomes in both infant and mother. Unfortunately, many of these pregnancies are seen in women who use reliable contraceptive methods such as oral contraceptive pills. The aim of current study was to investigate the prevalence of oral contraceptive pills (OCP) in unintended pregnancies and the factors associated with its failure.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 1000 pregnant women who referred to the obstetrics ward of Imam Reza hospital in Mashhad for labor from 2007 to 2008. A questionnaire was used for obtaining the demographics and type of contraception. Then mothers who had used oral contraceptive pills were asked for their applied methods. Data were analyzed by SPSS 11.5 software.

34.5% of studied women had unintended pregnancy that 3.91% had used contraceptive methods. The main method used in unintended pregnancies was OCP (40.3%). In OCP consumers, just 19.7% used OCP correctly. Fear of complications was the most prevalent cause of wrong use (42.2%). Other factors associated with OCP failure were age, education level and economic state which had significant relationship with failure (p<0.05).

Since OCP use is the most common contraception method and fear of complications is the most important cause of failure, training the correct method of OCP use and informing consumers about complications should be emphasized.

Preterm delivery accounts for preterm labor or birth before 37th weeks of gestation that is the cause of two third of prenatal mortality and one of the problems in obstetrics and hormonal factors are reported to be effective. Progesterone is a placental hormone and effective in maintaining pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in preterm delivery prevention.

This interventional clinical trial was performed on 100 pregnant women who referred to obstetrics clinic of Ghaem hospital affiliated to mashhad university of medical sciences during 2007 to 2008. They were randomly divided into two groups of 50 cases and 50 controls. The case group received intramuscular 250 mg 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate injection weekly at 16th up to 37th week of gestational. In control group, routine prenatal cares was performed and then pregnancy outcomes were compared in two groups. Data was analyzed using student t-test and chi square test by SPSS 11 software.

Mean gestational age was 36 weeks in case group and 32 weeks in control group. Mean birth weight was 2299 grams in case group and 2695 grams in control group. Ggestational age and birth weight had significant difference in two groups (p<0.05).

Weekly administration of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in pregnant women with history of preterm delivery decrease preterm labor and induced improvement of birth weight.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders among women. In addition to patients, their first degree relatives are exposed to some risk factors such as obesity, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2, abnormal lipoproteins and impaired glucose tolerance. This study was conducted in order to investigate the rate of metabolic syndrome in first degree relatives of polycystic ovarian syndrome patients.

This case-control study was conducted on 34 person of first degree relatives of polycystic ovarian syndrome patients who referred to health centers affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2007 as case group and 34 normal individuals who were selected as control group. Sampling was done on simple purposive. After registering their blood pressure, height and weight, a blood sample was obtained from all participants in order to assay their serum insulin, fasting blood sugar, 2hpp glucose, testosterone and lipoproteins. Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance were investigated according to IDF ATPIII and QUICKI, HOMA criteria, respectively. Data were analyzed by independent t-test and Fisher's exact test as well as chi square using SPSS 11.5 software.

The mean of fasting blood sugar, serum testosterone, LDL were significantly lower in control group first degree relatives (p<0.05). The amounts of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and fasting insulin didn’t have significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05).

The first degree relatives of polycystic ovarian syndrome patients are exposed to high blood glucose and impaired lipoprotein levels.